Starch
(binder)
● natural polymer ● abundant ●affordable ● renewable ● widely used ● biodegradable



Vinegar / Citric acid
(cross-linker)
● easy-manufacturing ● occurs naturally in citrus fruits ● affordable ● renewable ● biodegradable




Glycerin
(plasticizer)
● obtained from plant and animal resources ● non-toxic ● affordable ● renewable ● biodegradable



LI SHANGTONG

Living for the Third Time
The Lifespan of a DURO paper bag
2018 - 2019

DURO® bag is a brand of brown paper bags that constitutes 100% post-consumer fibers and labeled as 100% recyclable. Its use has dramatically increased since the negative environmental impact of plastic bags has been widely reported. It is provided at coffee shops, restaurants, and grocery stores as an environmentally-friendly alternative to plastic bags.

This project exhibits the speculative lifespan of a 100% recycled DURO® paper bag by 3D printing its potential origin, the location it was used and discarded, and the possible travel destinations after its disposal in the United States and across the globe — using the pulp of the paper bag itself. This process investigates the environmental and social impact of a single-used paper product that is actively being promoted as “Eco-friendly,” “sustainable,” and “green.” By creating the potential footprint of this paper bag and other single-use paper products alike, this project presents the idealistic view of “Eco-friendly” products and a guilt-free consumer economy.
Project Guide

11"
8.5"
2.35" = 500'
*All facilities are 3D printed in 1 : 2500 inch scale using waste paper collected on MICA campus.
*All cardboard used are found in trash or recycling.
*All waste material produced during 3D printing are collected and applied to the Baltimore Landfill section.
*All cardboard landscape suffers from different extent of warping due to the 3D printing of the factories and waste facilities.
*Material on the cardboard landfill is excess paper paste waste collected during the 3D printing process.
*The cardboard landscape was warped due to the repeated application of waste paper.
Baltimore City Department of Public Works S Sanitation Yard
6100 Quarantine Rd, Baltimore, MD 21226
39.209154, -76.563877
Duro Bag Manufacturing Company
750 Dowd Ave
Elizabeth, NJ 07201
40.670557, -74.190989

Total Travel Distance:
203 miles
Total Travel Distance:
17.6 miles
MICA Mount Royal Station Building
1400 Cathedral St
Baltimore, MD 21201
39.305512, -76.619947

=

*An 40' x 8.5' shipping container is 0.192" x 0.0408" on a letter sized cardboard.
Total Travel Distance:
7347.34 miles
Total Travel Distance:
7469.73 miles


















河南省龙源纸业股份有限公司
Henan Longyuan Paper Industry Co., Ltd.
周口市太康县西二环路产业集聚区
Taikang Xian, Zhoukou, Henan
34.040570, 114.825504
浙江景兴纸业股份有限公司
Jiangyin Xinhao Paper Recycling Co., Ltd.
浙江省嘉兴平湖市曹桥街道 邮编:314214
CaoQiao Town, PingHu City, JiaXing, Zhejiang
31.885417, 120.248133